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The Cardinal’s Failed Mission
On the eve of battle, the Cardinal of Périgord made another attempt to mediate between the French and English armies. He rode to the...
The Black Prince Encourages His Men
As the English army prepared for battle, the young Black Prince addressed his soldiers with courage and wisdom. He reminded them that although their...
Reconnaissance During the Truce
While the Cardinal of Périgord moved between the French and English armies attempting to negotiate peace, other knights took advantage of the truce on...
Historical Notice of the English Power in Aquitaine
Henry II and His Marriage to Eleanor
In 1152, Henry II, who had not yet become king of England, traveled to Aquitaine to pursue Eleanor,...
English Power in Aquitaine
Origin of English Control
The English power in Aquitaine began with the marriage of Henry II to Eleanor of Aquitaine, who was also the Countess...
Historical Notice of the English Power in Aquitaine
The history of England’s possessions in France, particularly in the region of Aquitaine, is often overlooked by general readers. These lands came under English...
Thyateira and the Battle of Magnesia
Before the decisive Battle of Magnesia in 190 BCE, the Seleucid army camped in the area around Thyateira. This important battle was fought between...
Early Christian Churches in Pergamum
Archaeological excavations have revealed the remains of several church buildings in ancient Pergamum. These discoveries show that Christianity became well established in the city...
The Heresy of Balaam in Pergamum
It seems that, despite their faith in the new Christian religion, some believers in Pergamum were still following practices that St John considered dangerous....
A New Vision That Explains the First
After Saint John’s next vision, the meaning of the earlier vision becomes clearer. In the Book of Revelation, John describes a second beast that...















